At the 21st GRIPS Forum held on 26 October, 2009, GRIPS invited Dr. Koji Sato, Emeritus Professor of Kyoto University, to deliver a lecture on "Saiban-in System and Japan in the 21st Century". Dr. Sato explained how the history of participation of citizens in the judicial system led to the start of Saiban-in System and talked about how the judicial system should be. Dr. Sato answered the questions raised frankly during the lively and robust Q&A session.